the period of human culture characterized by the smelting of iron and its use in industry beginning somewhat before 1000 b.c. in western Asia and Egypt
Oscar Montelius, who coined the term used for the period, divided it into six distinct sub-periods in his piece Om tidsbestämning inom bronsåldern med särskilt avseende på Skandinavien ("On Bronze Age dating with particular focus on Scandinavia") published in 1885 which is still in wide use (For Central Europe a different system developed by Paul Reinecke is commonly used):
| I: 1800 BC-1500 BC | |
| II: 1500 BC-1300 BC | |
| III: 1300 BC-1100 BC | |
| IV: 1100 BC-900 BC | |
| V: 900 BC-700 BC | |
| VI: 700 BC-500 BC |
These six periods are then followed by the Pre-Roman Iron Age. Another, broader subdivision is the "Early Bronze Age" between 1800 BC and 1100 BC and the "Late Bronze Age" 1100 BC to 550 BC.
Drawing on
evidence and discoveries dating to the Copper Age, or
Chalcolithic Period (4500
to 3600 BCE), Journey to the Copper Age takes us on a fascinating journey
through the development of humanity in present-day Israel, Palestine, and Jordan
and its ties to the beginnings of metal production.
Middle Stone Age, period in human development between the end of the Paleolithic period and the beginning of the Neolithic period. It began with the end of the last glacial period over 10,000 years ago and evolved into the Neolithic period; this change involved the gradual domestication of plants and animals and the formation of settled communities at various times and places. While Mesolithic cultures lasted in Europe until almost 3000 B.C., Neolithic communities developed in the Middle East between 9000 and 6000 B.C.