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Greek vs Hebrew part 2 Hebrew Mechanics It is suggested before reading this paper, that part 1 of this series "Origin and Essential Elements" is read. It is expedient that the basics of the Paleo Hebrew language be understood before we continue with the comparison of it and the Greek mind set. There are many misconceptions about the language of the Old Testament. The majority of these come from the false idea that the "Classical Hebrew" as taught by Jewish Rabbin for centuries is the language of Scripture. In truth "Classical Hebrew" was the result of combining a host of Babylonian dialects and ideas. The majority of its application was from the fall of Jerusalem in 70 AD to 500 AD when the finishing touches were being added to both the language and the documents they possessed. This period was one of codifying the "traditions of the elders" so scornfully reproached by Yahshua into the Babylonian and Jerusalem Talmuds. While this was being done the majority of the Old Testament was translated from the original Hebrew into the same language as the other rabbinical works. This whole period deserves a great amount of attention, which at this point we cannot afford. The important part for now is to establish that the language of David, Abraham and Isaiah was not the language of the Rabbinical scholars of the middle ages. It is not in the "Hebrew" of the descendants of the Pharisees that we are interested, but the Hebrew into which scripture was originally inspired. This Hebrew is commonly referredto as Paleo Hebrew, Phoenician, or North Semetic. This is what we will hereafter call "Hebrew". Probably the greatest misconception about Hebrew is that it has no vowels. Josephus says otherwise; "...A mitre also of fine linen encompassed his head ... about which there was another golden crown, in which was engraven the sacred name: it consists of four vowels." (Wars 5:5:7)Josephus lived long before the vowel pointing of Rabbinical Hebrew was employed. He was therefore referring only to the four letters of the tetragrammaton: yod y, hey h, waw w, heyh .Josephus was not alone in this assumption. Weingreen states, "However long before the introduction of vowel-signs it was felt that the main vowel-signs should be indicated in writing, and the three letters T U W were used to represent long vowels." The three letters indicated arewaw, hey, and yod. R. Laird Harris writes in his "Introductory Hebrew Grammar", "Four of the Hebrew letters a U T W are called vowel letters." The added letter here is "aleph". Eventhough Gesenius contends that "Hebrew has no vowels" he admits in chapter 1 section 7 of his "Hebrew Grammar" that in antiquity the above letters acted as vowels. Some will also add to this list ayin D (ayin).So, even the experts agree that in antiquity, prior to the revision by the scribes of this era, Hebrew contained five letters that could be considered, or at least could be used like, vowels. The five vowels of the English language are A, E, I, O, and U, with of course the optional sixth "Y". The Random House Websters College Dictionary (copyright 1991) says the ancestor of "A" was the North Semitic " )" or "aleph". Interestingly both "A" and ")" are the first letters oftheir respective alphabets. The ancestor of "E" is " h" called "hey". Random House says "I" and"Y" are derived from the North Semitic " y" or "yod". "O" comes from the North Semitic "("ayin. Finally, the root of "U" is waw " w".Well, if they look like vowels, act like vowels, and our modern vowels are descended from them; perhaps Hebrew has vowels!!! The following chart lists all twenty two of the Paleo Hebrew characters. It compares them with the characters of Babylonian Hebrew. Also listed are the modern English equivalent, Post Babylonian Numerical equivalent, and allegorical meaning of each letter. Character Babylon English Number Allegorical Meaning & Source ) aleph a A 1 Verb: to associate, learn, or teach #502Noun: family, ox, cow, often a bull as in The foremost, beginning or progenitor #504 b beyth P B 2 Verb:Noun: a house or family #1004 Pre-modifier: in, with, by g gimel O G 3 Verb: to treat, benefit, requite, byimplication to toil i.e. to wean #1581 Noun: burden bearer, camel, labor #1581 d daleth I D 4 Verb: swinging #1817Noun: a door or gate h hey U E 5 Verb: illuminate or brighten E.B.Noun: window or light E.B. Pre-modifier: the Post modifier: with a consonant the feminine terminus with a vowel alters the vowel sound like the English "E" w waw Y U, W 6 Verb: to fasten, fix, or hangNoun: a hook, peg, nail for hanging things "Hast." "Smiths" #2053z zayin T Z 7 Verb:Noun: weapons "Hast" sword "Smiths" x cheyth R H 8 Verb: prostrate, tear down #2865Noun: terror #2844 a fence or palisade "Hast" + teyt E T? 9 Verb: sweeping #2916Noun: mud, clay, calamity From a root meaning curvature , coiled snake "Hast" a basket "Smiths" y yod W I, Y 10 Verb: givingNoun: a hand, power, means, direction a clenched fist #3027 k kaph Q K 20 Verb: receivingNoun: hollow hand, bowl #3709 Pre-modifier: as, like Post-modifier: thy (as, like when used before another suffix l lamed L L 30 Verb: to goad or teach #3925Noun: ox-goad Hast. Pre-modifier: to, for Post-modifier: to m mem K M 40 Verb: flowingNoun: water #4325 Pre-modifier: from Post-modifier: their, masc. n nun H N 50 Verb: to re-sprout, i.e. propagate byshoots, fig. To be perpetual #5125 Noun: perpetuity #5126 A fish Smiths s camek F X? 60 Verb: to prop, lean upon, take hold of#5564 Noun: a prop or support O ayin D O 70 Verb:Noun: the eye, by anal. A fountain # 5869 p pe orphe S P orF 80 Verb: blowing or speaking #6310Noun: the edge or side of the mouth Used alone means "according to" In this way it is very similar to quotation marks, only it is used only once at the beginning of the quote. c tsadey M Tz 90 Verb: to chase #6658Noun: food, game, lunch #6720 & 6718 Seems to be that which is caught A javelin - Hast. A fish hook - Smiths Both a fish hook and a javelin are instruments used to capture game. q qowf N Q 100 Verb:Noun: an ape #6971 (probably not) A knot - Hast. Back of the head, ear, a pole, or the eye of a needle - Smiths A needle and thread - Encl Brit Q r resh B R 200 Verb: to shake # 7218Noun: the head $ shin C or V S orSh 300 Verb: to point or pierce, to inculcate#8150 Noun: a tooth, sharp, a cliff or crag #8372 T tau X Z T 400 Verb: to mark off, designate # 8376Noun: a room (as circumscribed) Perhaps that which has been marked off or designated, like a Signature or border. Column 1 is the original Paleo Hebrew character, followed by its name. Notice the clear, simple structure of the letters. Also notice the resemblance of the Paleo Hebrew letter to its English offspring in column 3. The second column is the Babylonian (or Classical Hebrew) character as used by the Talmudic scribes since the Babylonian exile, and especially since the destruction of Jerusalem by Titus. Notice the intricacy, and in many cases similarity of the letters to each other. This can create a great deal of confusion when reading from this text. Column 4 is the numerical equivalent as ascribed since the Babylonian exile. Some suggest this system was an offshoot of Babylonian satanic numerology. Others suggest this system was originally a part of the Hebrew language. I honestly do not know. I have included it so that each student has the opportunity to seek the matter on their own. Column 5 gives the allegorical meaning of each of the Paleo Hebrew letters. All numbers following the "#" sign are the Strongs number of the respective letters name. When a secular or work unrelated to Strongs gave a significantly different definition, it is listed and the reference noted. This is the most incredible part of the whole language. This is the way the word meanings were maintained. In the final column the meanings are divided into "verbs, nouns, pre-modifiers, and postmodifiers." To unlock the allegorical word meanings, each word must be viewed as anindependent statement. Within a word each letter can be used principally as either a noun or verb.(Although it is possible to be an adjective or adverb as well.) In Hebrew, prepositions, pronouns and articles are represented by a single letter being added either to the end or beginning of a word. A pre-modifier is a letter added to the beginning of a word. A post-modifier is a letter added to the end of a word. If h is added to the beginning of myhl) (Elohym), it becomes myhl)h (the Elohym). Inthis case h is a pre-modifier.Hebrew sentences can be rather different from English. Hebrew has "clauses" rather than complete statements like those with which we are familiar. These clauses may be linked to form complete sentences, or can stand alone. There are two principle forms of clauses; the noun clause and the verb clause. If the clause begins with a noun, not proceeded by the T) prefix, it is anoun clause. Noun clauses are arranged very similarly to English sentences; subject, predicate, object. If the clause begins with a verb, or a noun preceded by T) , it is a "verb clause". Verbclauses are opposite English order; object (the noun preceded by T) ), predicate, subject. Thisis the simplified version. Within the text of scripture it can be very complex, and poetic. This is obviously important to understanding the idea conveyed by a phrase. In Gen 1:1 was it Elohym who created the Heavens and the Earth, or did the Heavens and the Earth create Elohym? The Hebrew structure clearly establishes that it was Elohym that did the "creating" and the Heavens and the Earth were the things being created. Without the above knowledge establishing a clear understanding of a passage or a word can be not only confusing, but can be in error. The first step in establishing the allegorical meaning of a word is to reduce it to a prim. root. This will normally be a three letter word, or occasionally a two letter word. If Strongs suggests a word with more than three letters is a root, it has mistakenly included a preposition, pronoun or article (a pre or post-modifier). Carefully decide which of the letters is (are) the culprit(s), and remove it to establish the root. Once the root has been found the next step is to confirm if the word is being used as a verb or a noun. Just like English many words can be used as both and context is necessary to ascertain which is intended in any given situation. If the word is a noun, the letters can be viewed as arranged like a noun clause. Thus the first letter will be a noun (subject), the second the verb (predicate), and the third a noun (object), adverb, or adjective. Here are a few examples: xwr -St#7306, most commonly translated "spirit", has the allegorical meaning; "the HeadFastening Fence". m$n -St#5395, the root of #5397, translated "breath of the spirit" (Gen 2:7) allegoricallymeans, "Perpetuity Piercing the Waters". ("waters" are often symbolic of "mankind") lb) -St#59 the name "Abel" has the allegorical meaning, "the Beginning of the House of theShepherds staff." He was a shepherd, and one of the meanings of his name is "meadow." $pn -St#5315 often translated "soul", has the allegorical meaning, "Perpetuity, Expressing orSpeaking, Instruction." Many words can be almost comical in the pictures they draw, but a deeper or fuller meaning is always ascertained. Verbs are a little more difficult. Remember their order is different than that to which we are accustomed. The first letter will almost always represent a verb. Here are some examples: (dy -St#3045 translated "to know" can allegorically mean, "to Give the Door to theFountain." h(r St#7462 translated as, "tend, rule, or pasture", could have the allegorical meaning"Leading (often a "head" can mean a "leader") to the Fountain of Light." This area needs more scientific, Spirit led research. The majority of the study in this area has been very "subjective" without many "objective" rules being established. The more I work with the system, the more I can "feel" the order and logic of it. Unfortunately I cannot yet say I thoroughly understand all the "rules", but I am confident they exist. Nor have I found many who seem to understand the absolutes of the language. Nearly everyone appears to "make it up as they go". This is unacceptable. As the language is studied its order and relation to absolutes is obvious. These laws exist, they simply need to be re-discovered. Another area that needs true scientific and detailed research is the phonetic values of each letter. By fixing the English equivalent we jump forward considerably. However, if Hebrew had vowels it must have phonetic rules. Webster tried to keep these ancient rules in tact when he codified our American language, but Hebrew letters are not directly like English, so there still needs to be much careful research. In addition to having the above delineated vowel letters(A, E, I, O, & U, ) h y ( w)each of the other letters carry with them a "supplied" vowel. It is uncomfortable at first to grasp, but shortly makes a lot of sense. Beyth b makes the "b" sound. When it comes at the end of aword it stops short. An example of this would be ST # 1 b). The first letter is aleph or "a".(Remember Hebrew is written from right to left) The second is beyth it has the "b" sound just as we are accustomed. b) would then be pronounced "AB".ST # 1121 is nb, this is beyth, nun; no regular vowels. Here the supplied vowel is used. Haveyou ever wondered what spelling would be like if our English "b" actually held the phonetic value of "bee", just as it is pronounced? This is the way the supplied vowels of Hebrew work. b ispronounce "beyth" at the beginning or middle of a word it has the phonetic value of "be" (as in "bed"). At the end of the word nun would have exactly the same value as "N". For these reasons nb would be pronounced "BeN", just like the English "Ben".Beyth itself is a Hebrew word, ST # 1004 Tyb, meaning "house". This is where thepronunciations get complicated. Beyth, yod, tau Beyth, as the first letter, would be pronounced "Be" as in "bed". Yod is a vowel having the "y" or "i" sound. Tau can be either "t" or "th". I suggest the vowel (yod) softens the tau to "th" (as in "things") and the beyth retains its supplied vowel. I therefore believe St # 1004 should be pronounced "beyth". Many support this idea. This is my best estimation, but as I said this is an area that requires further research. It is also possible that the yod as a modifying vowel (similar in ways to a final "e") is silent. In this case the simple pronunciation would be "beth". This most ancient of languages has been silent for centuries. It has been counterfeited by falsefriends, and denigrated by pseudo-scholars. In these ways it is much like the Truth it was meant to convey. Even with almost relentless attack it has stood the test of time and remains a stalwart monument to the wisdom of its author, Yahweh. It, like its Creator, is vast, perhaps more so than we can now comprehend, but not unknowable. To be continued... |
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Modified Monday, July 13, 2009 Copyright @ 2007 by Fathers' Manifesto & Christian Party |