|
| |

Gross Savings Rates and TIMSS
Math Scores

7.4% of the American population works for the government. Conversely, only 3.2% of the Japanese
population works for the government. A greater percentage of American citizens
(3.5%) are government employees in elementary, secondary, and higher education than are
government employees of all kinds in Japan. As a percentage of all employees, we
have 2.4 times as many government employees as Japan (15% versus 6.25%). This is one
of the reasons that we have such a low gross savings rate and a non-existent personal
savings rate. But the inability of a country to create personal savings is due to
many factors, and TIMSS gives us an excellent opportunity to compare other social
pathologies in the US with those around the world. It should be no surprise that
countries which haven't done so well at teaching math are also those countries with low
savings rates, while those with the best math skills are also the countries with the
highest savings rates.

Country |
Savings% of GDP |
8th Grade TIMSS Score, 1995 |
Exports12 months |
GDP Growth |
Per-cap. GDP (PPP) |
Per-cap. GNP (nominal) |
Pop (m) |
Pop Growth |
Inflation (CPI) |
Curr. A/C Balance |
Reserves excl. gold |
People per tel |
Life Expectancy |
People per Dr |
Infant Mortality |
Singapore |
51% |
643 |
2.30% |
7.80% |
$24,610 |
$30,500 |
3.1 |
2.00% |
$125b. |
$14.2b. |
$80.4b. |
2 |
77 |
667 |
4 |
Malaysia |
41% |
|
2.30% |
8.40% |
$9,835 |
$4,466 |
21.7 |
2.40% |
$78.2b. |
-$5.2b. |
$21.1b. |
5.5 |
72 |
2,063 |
11 |
China |
40% |
647 |
1.80% |
8.00% |
$3,240 |
$655 |
1,232.10 |
1.20% |
$151b. |
$7.2b. |
$134.0b. |
22.4 |
71 |
1,034 |
31 |
South Korea |
37% |
607 |
4.20% |
6.30% |
$12,390 |
$10,730 |
45.9 |
0.90% |
$135b. |
-$18.6b. |
$30.4b. |
2.1 |
72 |
855 |
8 |
Indonesia |
37% |
|
7.00% |
7.80% |
$4,140 |
$1,086 |
200 |
1.60% |
$52.8b. |
-$8.9b. |
$19.3b. |
47.7 |
63 |
6,786 |
50 |
Thailand |
36% |
522 |
7.20% |
6.40% |
$8,165 |
$2,970 |
61.4 |
1.50% |
$56.9b. |
-$11.5b. |
$28.4b. |
13.5 |
69 |
4,361 |
26 |
Bhutan |
36% |
|
9.00% |
6.40% |
$1,475 |
$420 |
0.7 |
2.30% |
$0.1b. |
-$0.05b. |
$0.2b. |
115.2 |
52 |
4,255 |
122 |
Hong Kong |
35% |
588 |
5.30% |
6.40% |
$24,085 |
$24,455 |
6.5 |
2.10% |
$182b. |
$2.1b. |
$88.1b. |
1.5 |
79 |
772 |
4 |
Brunei |
35% |
|
3.20% |
3.00% |
$18,900 |
$20,400 |
0.3 |
3.20% |
$2.3b. |
$0.8b. |
$30.0b. |
3.8 |
75 |
1,133 |
8 |
Russia |
32% |
535 |
12.90% |
0.20% |
$4,355 |
$2,965 |
149.8 |
0.40% |
$88.7b. |
$11.1b. |
$20.4b. |
5.9 |
68 |
220 |
20 |
Japan |
31% |
605 |
2.40% |
-0.30% |
$23,440 |
$33,090 |
126.1 |
0.30% |
$411b. |
$78.8b. |
$224.4b. |
1.5 |
80 |
545 |
4 |
Saudi Arabia |
30% |
|
0.30% |
2.40% |
$12,265 |
$7,150 |
19.6 |
4.30% |
$56.7b. |
$0.2b. |
$7.0b. |
8.5 |
70 |
698 |
29 |
P. N. Guinea |
28% |
|
5.30% |
2.30% |
$2,470 |
$1,249 |
4.3 |
2.30% |
$2.4b. |
$0.2b. |
$0.6b. |
49 |
57 |
12,500 |
53 |
Macau |
28% |
|
4.20% |
3.90% |
$16,840 |
$17,475 |
0.5 |
3.80% |
$2.0b. |
$1.9b. |
$2.0b. |
2.5 |
73 |
758 |
6 |
India |
28% |
|
6.60% |
6.80% |
$1,500 |
$360 |
953.7 |
2.10% |
$35.9b. |
-$5.1b. |
$26.8b. |
77.6 |
61 |
2,165 |
75 |
Switzerland |
27% |
545 |
0.40% |
0.20% |
$26,315 |
$37,050 |
7.1 |
0.60% |
$97.1b. |
$19.8b. |
$34.2b. |
1.1 |
78 |
585 |
6 |
New Zealand |
26% |
508 |
1.10% |
2.40% |
$18,250 |
$17,010 |
3.7 |
1.00% |
$14.2b. |
-$4.2b. |
$4.1b. |
1.4 |
77 |
321 |
7 |
Taiwan |
25% |
|
-0.30% |
6.30% |
$15,370 |
$13,130 |
21.8 |
1.00% |
$122b. |
$9.9b. |
$87.8b. |
2.1 |
75 |
903 |
4 |
Germany |
23% |
509 |
1.90% |
2.90% |
$20,864 |
$25,860 |
82.6 |
0.70% |
$521b. |
-$9.8b. |
$77.3b. |
1.8 |
76 |
333 |
6 |
Italy |
22% |
|
1.40% |
1.90% |
$20,545 |
$19,480 |
57.5 |
0.20% |
$251b. |
$40.1b. |
$51.1b. |
1.9 |
78 |
195 |
7 |
Kenya |
21% |
|
18.00% |
4.60% |
$1,377 |
$293 |
30.3 |
3.40% |
$1.9b. |
-$0.4b. |
$0.7b. |
62.7 |
59 |
9,851 |
50 |
France |
21% |
538 |
1.00% |
2.30% |
$21,860 |
$24,040 |
58.7 |
0.60% |
$274b. |
$32.0b. |
$28.9b. |
1.5 |
77 |
320 |
6 |
Canada |
21% |
527 |
1.60% |
3.70% |
$21,800 |
$18,900 |
30.3 |
1.30% |
$210b. |
-$2.2b. |
$22.3b. |
1.3 |
78 |
446 |
6 |
Brazil |
21% |
|
4.30% |
5.00% |
$5,675 |
$4,755 |
162.8 |
1.90% |
$51.1b. |
-$33.5b. |
$62.3b. |
10 |
67 |
847 |
50 |
Australia |
21% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Turkey |
20% |
|
89.90% |
6.70% |
$6,020 |
$2,800 |
64 |
2.10% |
$32.3b. |
-$5.0b. |
$17.8b. |
4.6 |
67 |
955 |
62 |
Nigeria |
20% |
|
22.20% |
2.10% |
$1,480 |
$340 |
104.4 |
2.90% |
$13.5b. |
-$1.9b. |
$4.1b. |
260.5 |
53 |
5,882 |
84 |
Mexico |
19% |
|
18.90% |
8.80% |
$6,780 |
$3,600 |
93.9 |
1.90% |
$104b. |
-$4.0b. |
$25.8b. |
7.6 |
71 |
578 |
26 |
Vietnam |
16% |
|
3.60% |
9.50% |
$1,310 |
$270 |
76.9 |
2.30% |
$8.0b. |
-$2.9b. |
$0.6b. |
63.4 |
67 |
2,298 |
34 |
Sri Lanka |
16% |
|
7.20% |
3.80% |
$3,415 |
$760 |
18.5 |
1.20% |
$4.3b. |
-$0.7b. |
$2.1b. |
72.9 |
72 |
5,888 |
14 |
Philippines |
16% |
|
5.70% |
5.70% |
$3,020 |
$1,265 |
71.8 |
2.30% |
$23.5b. |
-$3.5b. |
$10.3b. |
38.6 |
67 |
1,016 |
40 |
U.S. |
15% |
500 |
2.20% |
3.50% |
$28,515 |
$28,480 |
269.2 |
1.00% |
$639b. |
-$158.7b. |
$55.6b. |
1.3 |
77 |
387 |
8 |
Britain |
15% |
506 |
3.70% |
3.50% |
$20,170 |
$20,860 |
58.6 |
0.30% |
$260b. |
$3.6b. |
$35.2b. |
1.9 |
76 |
581 |
6 |
Mongolia |
14% |
|
57.50% |
2.60% |
$2,185 |
$335 |
2.5 |
2.70% |
$0.4b. |
-$0.06b. |
$0.1b. |
26.7 |
64 |
364 |
57 |
Fiji |
13% |
|
2.80% |
4.40% |
$5,590 |
$2,535 |
0.8 |
1.50% |
$0.7b. |
$0.01b. |
$0.4b. |
8.9 |
72 |
2,080 |
20 |
Pakistan |
12% |
|
12.50% |
3.10% |
$2,340 |
$465 |
137.4 |
2.90% |
$8.6b. |
-$4.2b. |
$1.2b. |
56.1 |
62 |
2,000 |
88 |
Nepal |
11% |
|
9.10% |
6.10% |
$1,165 |
$210 |
22.1 |
2.30% |
$0.4b. |
-$0.3b. |
$0.6b. |
174 |
55 |
12,612 |
81 |
Myanmar |
11% |
|
25.70% |
6.00% |
$753 |
$765 |
48.3 |
2.10% |
$1.0b. |
-$0.3b. |
$0.2b. |
265.5 |
59 |
12,500 |
79 |
Maldives |
11% |
|
3.50% |
6.50% |
$2,485 |
$900 |
0.3 |
3.00% |
$0.1b. |
$0.01b. |
$0.1b. |
15.5 |
64 |
5,330 |
55 |
Afghanistan |
10% |
|
14.00% |
6.00% |
$720 |
$150 |
21.2 |
1.90% |
$0.2b. |
-$0.1b. |
$0.2b. |
390 |
45 |
7,358 |
164 |
Bangladesh |
8% |
|
6.10% |
4.70% |
$1,450 |
$283 |
125.8 |
2.20% |
$3.8b. |
-$1.0b. |
$1.6b. |
380 |
57 |
12,500 |
85 |
Egypt |
7% |
|
4.00% |
5.10% |
$3,965 |
$1,140 |
61.1 |
2.20% |
$4.7b. |
-$0.2b. |
$18.4b. |
20.8 |
64 |
1,316 |
40 |
Cambodia |
6% |
|
14.90% |
6.00% |
$1,266 |
$270 |
10.3 |
2.50% |
$0.6b. |
-$0.3b. |
$0.3b. |
1,212.00 |
53 |
9,523 |
110 |
Laos |
4% |
|
6.20% |
6.90% |
$1,670 |
$370 |
5 |
2.90% |
$0.3b. |
-$0.3b. |
$0.2b. |
181.5 |
52 |
4,381 |
91 |
South Africa |
|
354 |
8.70% |
2.30% |
$4,065 |
$2,928 |
43.1 |
2.20% |
$30.8b. |
-$1.2b. |
$4.8b. |
6.9 |
64 |
1,750 |
51 |
Iran |
|
428 |
18.10% |
4.20% |
$5,570 |
$2,320 |
62.9 |
3.40% |
$18.3b. |
$3.2b. |
$5.0b. |
13.2 |
68 |
3,140 |
35 |
| |
|